Bloom Filter is a Probabilistic Data Structure for Large-Scale Membership Testing, which Saves Enormous Memory at the Cost of Occasional False Positives.

Kaluza-Klein Theory is a Classical Unified Field Theory of Gravitation and Electromagnetism Build Around the Idea of a Fifth Dimension Beyond The Conventional 4D

Gram-Schmidt is an Orthonormalisation Process Checking an Empty "Basis" Vector, Computing a Corresponding Orthogonal Vector by Taking Element and Subtracting Its Projection Onto Every Vector Alread…

Red-Black Trees is a Self-Balancing Binary Search Tree Where Each Node Contains an Additional Bit Representing It's Colour (Red / Black). The Colour Properties Maintain Balance for Efficient Operat…

Conjugate Gradient is an Iterative Algorithm for Solving Linear Equations where the Matrix is Symmetric and Positive-Definite

Strassen's Algorithm is an Efficient Divide-and-Conquer Algorithm Used for Multiplication on Square Matrices

Z-Functions are Specialised String Pre-Processing Functions, Measuring Prefix Matches, Searching Substrings & Computing Repetitions Within Text

Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP) is an Efficient String-Searching Algorithm Finding Occurrences of a "Pattern" within a "Text", Creating a Longest Proper Prefix Suffix (LPS) Array, which Intelligently Shif…

Line Sweep Algorithm Simulates a Line ("Sweep Line") Moving Across a 2-Dimensional, Processing Geometric Objects, Used in Computer Geometry

Quick Select Finds the K-th Smallest Element in a Slice by Partially Sorting the Slice in Place Such That the Element at Index k is One That Would be in That Position in a Fully Sorted Version of t…

Swipe Keyboard Translates Relative Coordinates Into a Character Path & Searches the Subsequence in a Word List Using Euclidean Distance

Union-Find (Disjoint Set Union) Efficiently Keeps Track of a Collection of Elements Partitioned Into a Number of Disjointed Sets, Ideal for Determining if Two Elements are in The Same Set / Merge T…

Patience Sort Finds The Longest Increasing Subsequence Optimally in O(nlogn). It first finds Plies, Finds the First Pile where the Top Element >= item, Consequently Merges the Piles and Reconstruct…

Polyhedral Compiler uses a Mathematical Model to perform Analysis and Transformations on Compiled Programs, Specialising with Nested Loops & Affine Loop Bounds. Polyhedral Compilers Represent Itera…

Comprehensive Guide to Computer Cache Also Known as Dynamic Programming. Showcasing Loop Comparison Traversal Between Vector & Linked Lists, Array of Structs (AoS) & Struct of Arrays (SoA), Row vs …

Read-Evaluate-Print-Loop (REPL) Interactive Programming Environment for Facilitating Continuous & Dynamic Dialog with a Computer. Firstly Read's Through Parsing the User's Input, then Evaluating to…

Extensive Binary Tree Traversal Algorithms Including; Level-Order Insertions, In-Order Traversals, Pre-Order Traversals, Post-Order Traversals, Breadth-First Search (BFS) Traversal & Height Calcula…

Comprehensive Guide to Compiler Parser Grammar — Showcasing Formal Grammar (Terminals, Non-Terminals, Productions), The Chomsky Hierarchy, Regular Grammar, Context-Free Grammars (CFG), Context-Sens…

HTTP/1 Implementation Supporting Error / Success Codes, Content Length & Request / Response Streams Listening on a TCP Server

Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) built on IP, featuring Packet Header (Source Port, Destination Port, Data Offset, CCID, Sequence Number, Acknowledgement, Checksum) & Congestion Control …

Sorted String Table (SST), The Immutable, Sorted Key–Value Data Structure Used in Storage Systems like LSM-Trees. It Stores Entries Sequentially on Disk for Efficient Reads, Merges & Range Queries,…

Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) with Common Header (Source Port, Destination Port, Verification Tag, Checksum) & Chunk-Based Data. Provides Reliable, Message-Oriented Delivery with Mult…

Quick UDP Internet Connections (QUIC) built on UDP, Combining Transport & Cryptographic Handshakes for Secure, Reliable & Multiplexed Data Transfer. Uses Packet Numbering, Acknowledgements & Conges…

User Datagram Protocol (UDP) with Datagram Header (Source Port, Destination Port, Length, Checksum) and Payload, providing Connectionless, Best-Effort Delivery without Handshake, States, or Reliabi…

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) with Signal (SYN), (Acknowledge) ACK, Finalise (FIN) Flags, TCPStates (Sent, Received, Wait [1/2]...), Packet Segments, Serialisation for Transmission via 13-Byt…

Terminal User Interface (TUI) Framework Supporting Cells, Buffer Mutability & Control (Height, Width...), Exit Codes, UI Widgets with a Reactive UI

Augmented Reality Example Showcasing Camera Tracking & Projection with a Virtual Object

Euclid Geometric Theorem Prover Showcasing Automated & Symbolic Reasoning, Encoding Euclid's Postulates, Forward Chaining Inference with a SVG Visualiser

Quick Response (QR) Code Generator Converting into Bitstream (Byte-Mode), Read-Solomon (Damage Protection), Galois Fields & Matrices

Weather Application with Automatic Location Retrieval, Description, Humidity, Wind Speed, Hourly Forecast & Max / Min Temperatures