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[NeurIPS 2025] Official implementation for "Flow Matching-Based Autonomous Driving Planning with Advanced Interactive Behavior Modeling"

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Flow Matching-Based Autonomous Driving Planning
with Advanced Interactive Behavior Modeling

Tianyi Tan*, Yinan Zheng*, Ruiming Liang, Zexu Wang, Kexin Zheng, Jinliang Zheng, Jianxiong Li, Xianyuan Zhan, Jingjing Liu

[Arxiv]

The 39th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS), 2025

The official implementation of Flow Planner, an advanced learning-based framework melding coordinated innovations in data modeling, architecture design, and learning schemes to enhance interactive driving behavior modeling for autonomous driving planning.

Video 1 Video 2 Video 3
Video 1 Video 2 Video 3

Contents

Methods

From the data modeling perspective, we propose fine-grained trajectory tokenization to achieve expressive trajectory modeling. Subsequently, we design a well-curated architecture that enhances interactive behavior modeling through thorough spatiotemporal fusion. Finally, we adopt flow matching with classifier-free guidance to further enhance multi-modal and interactive driving behaviors.

Closed-loop Performance

NuPlan

1. Learning-based Methods

Methods Val14 (NR) Val14 (R) Test14-hard (NR) Test14-hard (R) Test14 (NR) Test14 (R)
PDM-Open* 53.53 54.24 33.51 35.83 52.81 57.23
UrbanDriver 68.57 64.11 50.40 49.95 51.83 67.15
GameFormer w/o refine. 13.32 8.69 7.08 6.69 11.36 9.31
PlanTF 84.72 76.95 69.70 61.61 85.62 79.58
PLUTO w/o refine.* 88.89 78.11 70.03 59.74 89.90 78.62
Diffusion-es w/o LLM 50.00 - - - - -
STR2-CPKS-800M w/o refine.* 65.16 - 52.57 - 68.74 -
Diffusion Planner 89.87 82.80 75.99 69.22 89.19 82.93
Flow Planner (Ours) 90.43 83.31 76.47 70.42 89.88 82.93

2. Rule-based / Hybrid Methods

Methods Val14 (NR) Val14 (R) Test14-hard (NR) Test14-hard (R) Test14 (NR) Test14 (R)
Expert (Log-replay) 93.53 80.32 85.96 68.80 94.03 75.86
IDM 75.60 77.33 56.15 62.26 70.39 74.42
PDM-Closed 92.84 92.12 65.08 75.19 90.05 91.63
PDM-Hybrid 92.77 92.11 65.99 76.07 90.10 91.28
GameFormer 79.94 79.78 68.70 67.05 83.88 82.05
PLUTO 92.88 76.88 80.08 76.88 92.23 90.29
Diffusion-es 92.00 - - - - -
STR2-CPKS-800M 93.91 92.51 77.54 82.02 - -
Diffusion Planner w/ refine 94.26 92.90 78.87 82.00 94.80 91.75
Flow Planner w/ refine (ours) 94.31 92.38 78.64 80.25 94.79 92.40

InterPlan

Methods Overall Score Nudge Around High Traffic Density Jaywalk
PlanTF 47.70 49.40 58.85 33.94
PLUTO w/o refine.* 58.47 71.56 67.25 25.48
Diffusion Planner 52.90 60.48 49.71 26.20
Flow Planner 61.82 72.96 67.21 43.57

*: prior knowledge is used for the model

Qualitative Results

nuPlan Scenarios

interPlan Scenarios

Getting Started

Fundamental setup

conda create -n flow_planner python=3.9
conda activate flow_planner

install nuplan-devkit

git clone https://github.com/motional/nuplan-devkit.git && cd nuplan-devkit
pip install -e .
pip install -r requirements.txt

flow planner setup

cd ..
git clone https://github.com/DiffusionAD/Flow-Planner.git && cd Flow-Planner
pip install -e .
pip install -r requirements.txt

To Launch Training

  1. Convert nuplan data into npz and generate corresponding data list json file as indicated in https://github.com/ZhengYinan-AIR/Diffusion-Planner.
  2. Fill in the flow_planner.script.data.dataset.nuplan_data.yaml with generated file path.
  3. Launch training with flow_planner/run_script/launch_train.sh

To Launch Simulation

  1. Fill the flow_planner/run_script/launch_sim_nuplan.sh with corresponding path and task.
  2. To perform interPlan simulation, follow the instructions in https://github.com/mh0797/interPlan

Bibtex

If you find our code and paper can help, please cite our paper as:

@inproceedings{
tan2025flow,
title={Flow Matching-Based Autonomous Driving Planning with Advanced Interactive Behavior Modeling},
author={Tianyi Tan and Yinan Zheng and Ruiming Liang and Zexu Wang and Kexin Zheng and Jinliang Zheng and Jianxiong Li and Xianyuan Zhan and Jingjing Liu},
booktitle={The Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems},
year={2025}
}

@inproceedings{
zheng2025diffusionbased,
title={Diffusion-Based Planning for Autonomous Driving with Flexible Guidance},
author={Yinan Zheng and Ruiming Liang and Kexin ZHENG and Jinliang Zheng and Liyuan Mao and Jianxiong Li and Weihao Gu and Rui Ai and Shengbo Eben Li and Xianyuan Zhan and Jingjing Liu},
booktitle={The Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations},
year={2025}
}

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