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Spanner
All APIs & references
Overview of APIs and client libraries
Client libraries and drivers
Client libraries
Overview
C++ reference
C# reference
Go reference
Java reference
Node.js reference
PHP reference
Python reference
Ruby reference
Drivers
Overview of drivers
JDBC drivers
Overview
Connect JDBC to a GoogleSQL-dialect database
Connect JDBC to a PostgreSQL-dialect database
Session management commands
For GoogleSQL-dialect databases
For PostgreSQL-dialect databases
Spanner JDBC driver
R2DBC driver
Go database/sql driver
pgx driver for Golang
psycopg2 driver for Python
psycopg3 driver for Python
node-postgres driver for Node.js
APIs
REST reference
Overview
Standard API parameters
Global and regional service endpoints
v1
REST Resources
projects.instanceConfigOperations
Overview
list
projects.instanceConfigs
Overview
create
delete
get
list
patch
projects.instanceConfigs.operations
Overview
cancel
delete
get
list
projects.instances
Overview
create
delete
get
getIamPolicy
list
move
patch
setIamPolicy
testIamPermissions
projects.instances.backupOperations
Overview
list
projects.instances.backups
Overview
copy
create
delete
get
getIamPolicy
list
patch
setIamPolicy
testIamPermissions
projects.instances.backups.operations
Overview
cancel
delete
get
list
projects.instances.databaseOperations
Overview
list
projects.instances.databases
Overview
addSplitPoints
changequorum
create
dropDatabase
get
getDdl
getIamPolicy
list
patch
restore
setIamPolicy
testIamPermissions
updateDdl
projects.instances.databases.backupSchedules
Overview
create
delete
get
getIamPolicy
list
patch
setIamPolicy
testIamPermissions
projects.instances.databases.databaseRoles
Overview
list
testIamPermissions
projects.instances.databases.operations
Overview
cancel
delete
get
list
projects.instances.databases.sessions
Overview
adaptMessage
adapter
batchCreate
batchWrite
beginTransaction
commit
create
delete
executeBatchDml
executeSql
executeStreamingSql
get
list
partitionQuery
partitionRead
read
rollback
streamingRead
projects.instances.instancePartitionOperations
Overview
list
projects.instances.instancePartitions
Overview
create
delete
get
list
patch
projects.instances.instancePartitions.operations
Overview
cancel
delete
get
list
projects.instances.operations
Overview
cancel
delete
get
list
Types
ChangeQuorumMetadata
Code
CopyBackupMetadata
CreateBackupMetadata
CreateDatabaseMetadata
CreateInstanceConfigMetadata
CreateInstanceMetadata
CreateInstancePartitionMetadata
DatabaseDialect
DdlStatementActionInfo
DirectedReadOptions
EncryptionInfo
ErrorInfo
FulfillmentPeriod
GetPolicyOptions
Help
KeySet
ListOperationsResponse
MoveInstanceMetadata
MoveInstanceResponse
MultiplexedSessionPrecommitToken
Mutation
OperationProgress
OptimizeRestoredDatabaseMetadata
PartialResultSet
PartitionOptions
PartitionResponse
Policy
QueryMode
QueryOptions
RequestOptions
RestoreDatabaseMetadata
ResultSet
ResultSetMetadata
ResultSetStats
Status
StructType
TestIamPermissionsResponse
Transaction
TransactionOptions
TransactionSelector
Type
UpdateDatabaseDdlMetadata
UpdateDatabaseMetadata
UpdateInstanceConfigMetadata
UpdateInstanceMetadata
UpdateInstancePartitionMetadata
WaitOperationRequest
RPC reference
Overview
google.iam.v1
google.longrunning
google.rpc
google.spanner.adapter.v1
google.spanner.admin.database.v1
google.spanner.admin.instance.v1
google.spanner.v1
google.type
SQL
Dialect parity between GoogleSQL and PostgreSQL
GoogleSQL
General reference
Overview of GoogleSQL
Data types
Lexical structure and syntax
Conversion rules
Collation
Format elements
Stored procedures
Expressions
Function calls
Aggregate function calls
Operators
Conditional expressions
Subqueries
Query syntax
Functions
All functions
Aggregate functions
Overview
ANY_VALUE
ARRAY_AGG
ARRAY_CONCAT_AGG
AVG
BIT_AND
BIT_OR
BIT_XOR
COUNT
COUNTIF
LOGICAL_AND
LOGICAL_OR
MAX
MIN
STRING_AGG
SUM
Array functions
Overview
ARRAY
ARRAY_CONCAT
ARRAY_FILTER
ARRAY_FIRST
ARRAY_INCLUDES
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ALL
ARRAY_INCLUDES_ANY
ARRAY_IS_DISTINCT
ARRAY_LAST
ARRAY_LENGTH
ARRAY_MAX
ARRAY_MIN
ARRAY_REVERSE
ARRAY_SLICE
ARRAY_TO_STRING
ARRAY_TRANSFORM
GENERATE_ARRAY
GENERATE_DATE_ARRAY
JSON_ARRAY
JSON_QUERY_ARRAY
JSON_VALUE_ARRAY
Bit functions
Overview
BIT_COUNT
BIT_REVERSE
Conversion functions
Overview
CAST
SAFE_CAST
Date functions
Overview
ADDDATE
CURRENT_DATE
DATE
DATE_ADD
DATE_DIFF
DATE_FROM_UNIX_DATE
DATE_SUB
DATE_TRUNC
EXTRACT (date)
FORMAT_DATE
PARSE_DATE
SUBDATE
UNIX_DATE
Debugging functions
Overview
ERROR
Graph functions
Overview
DESTINATION_NODE_ID
EDGES
ELEMENT_ID
IS_ACYCLIC
IS_FIRST
IS_TRAIL
LABELS
NODES
PATH
PATH_FIRST
PATH_LAST
PATH_LENGTH
PROPERTY_NAMES
SOURCE_NODE_ID
Hash functions
Overview
FARM_FINGERPRINT
SHA1
SHA256
SHA512
Interval functions
Overview
EXTRACT (interval)
JUSTIFY_DAYS
JUSTIFY_HOURS
JUSTIFY_INTERVAL
MAKE_INTERVAL
JSON functions
Overview
BOOL
BOOL_ARRAY
FLOAT64
FLOAT64_ARRAY
FLOAT32
FLOAT32_ARRAY
INT64
INT64_ARRAY
JSON_ARRAY
JSON_ARRAY_APPEND
JSON_ARRAY_INSERT
JSON_CONTAINS
JSON_OBJECT
JSON_QUERY
JSON_QUERY_ARRAY
JSON_REMOVE
JSON_SET
JSON_STRIP_NULLS
JSON_TYPE
JSON_VALUE
JSON_VALUE_ARRAY
LAX_BOOL
LAX_FLOAT64
LAX_INT64
LAX_STRING
PARSE_JSON
SAFE_TO_JSON
STRING (JSON)
STRING_ARRAY
TO_JSON
TO_JSON_STRING
Machine learning functions
Overview
ML.PREDICT
Mathematical functions
Overview
ABS
ACOS
ACOSH
APPROX_COSINE_DISTANCE
APPROX_DOT_PRODUCT
APPROX_EUCLIDEAN_DISTANCE
ASIN
ASINH
ATAN
ATAN2
ATANH
CEIL
CEILING
COS
COSH
COSINE_DISTANCE
DIV
DOT_PRODUCT
EXP
EUCLIDEAN_DISTANCE
FLOOR
GREATEST
IEEE_DIVIDE
IS_INF
IS_NAN
LEAST
LN
LOG
LOG10
MOD
POW
POWER
ROUND
SAFE_ADD
SAFE_DIVIDE
SAFE_MULTIPLY
SAFE_NEGATE
SAFE_SUBTRACT
SIGN
SIN
SINH
SQRT
TAN
TANH
TRUNC
Net functions
Overview
NET.HOST
NET.IP_FROM_STRING
NET.IP_NET_MASK
NET.IP_TO_STRING
NET.IP_TRUNC
NET.IPV4_FROM_INT64
NET.IPV4_TO_INT64
NET.PUBLIC_SUFFIX
NET.REG_DOMAIN
NET.SAFE_IP_FROM_STRING
Protocol buffer functions
Overview
REPLACE_FIELDS
Search functions
Overview
DEBUG_TOKENLIST
SCORE
SCORE_NGRAMS
SEARCH
SEARCH_NGRAMS
SEARCH_SUBSTRING
SNIPPET
TOKEN
TOKENIZE_BOOL
TOKENIZE_FULLTEXT
TOKENIZE_JSON
TOKENIZE_NGRAMS
TOKENIZE_NUMBER
TOKENIZE_SUBSTRING
TOKENLIST_CONCAT
Sequence functions
Overview
GET_INTERNAL_SEQUENCE_STATE
GET_NEXT_SEQUENCE_VALUE
Statistical aggregate functions
Overview
STDDEV
STDDEV_SAMP
VAR_SAMP
VARIANCE
String functions
Overview
BYTE_LENGTH
CHAR_LENGTH
CHARACTER_LENGTH
CODE_POINTS_TO_BYTES
CODE_POINTS_TO_STRING
CONCAT
ENDS_WITH
FORMAT
FROM_BASE32
FROM_BASE64
FROM_HEX
LCASE
LENGTH
LOWER
LPAD
LTRIM
NORMALIZE
NORMALIZE_AND_CASEFOLD
OCTET_LENGTH
REGEXP_CONTAINS
REGEXP_EXTRACT
REGEXP_EXTRACT_ALL
REGEXP_REPLACE
REPEAT
REPLACE
REVERSE
RPAD
RTRIM
SAFE_CONVERT_BYTES_TO_STRING
SOUNDEX
SPLIT
SPLIT_SUBSTR
STARTS_WITH
STRPOS
SUBSTR
SUBSTRING
TO_BASE32
TO_BASE64
TO_CODE_POINTS
TO_HEX
TRIM
UPPER
UCASE
Timestamp functions
Overview
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
EXTRACT (timestamp)
FORMAT_TIMESTAMP
PARSE_TIMESTAMP
PENDING_COMMIT_TIMESTAMP
STRING (timestamp)
TIMESTAMP
TIMESTAMP_ADD
TIMESTAMP_DIFF
TIMESTAMP_MICROS
TIMESTAMP_MILLIS
TIMESTAMP_SECONDS
TIMESTAMP_SUB
TIMESTAMP_TRUNC
UNIX_MICROS
UNIX_MILLIS
UNIX_SECONDS
Utility functions
Overview
GENERATE_UUID
MySQL functions
All MySQL functions
Date and time functions
Overview
DATE_FORMAT
DAY
DAYNAME
DAYOFMONTH
DAYOFWEEK
DAYOFYEAR
FROM_DAYS
FROM_UNIXTIME
HOUR
MAKEDATE
MICROSECOND
MINUTE
MONTH
MONTHNAME
PERIOD_ADD
PERIOD_DIFF
QUARTER
SECOND
STR_TO_DATE
SYSDATE
TIME
TO_DAYS
TO_SECONDS
UNIX_TIMESTAMP
UTC_DATE
UTC_TIMESTAMP
WEEK
WEEKDAY