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3.3.7 Documentation
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What’s New in Python
What’s New In Python 3.3
Summary – Release highlights
PEP 405: Virtual Environments
PEP 420: Implicit Namespace Packages
PEP 3118: New memoryview implementation and buffer protocol documentation
Features
API changes
PEP 393: Flexible String Representation
Functionality
Performance and resource usage
PEP 397: Python Launcher for Windows
PEP 3151: Reworking the OS and IO exception hierarchy
PEP 380: Syntax for Delegating to a Subgenerator
PEP 409: Suppressing exception context
PEP 414: Explicit Unicode literals
PEP 3155: Qualified name for classes and functions
PEP 412: Key-Sharing Dictionary
PEP 362: Function Signature Object
PEP 421: Adding sys.implementation
SimpleNamespace
Using importlib as the Implementation of Import
New APIs
Visible Changes
Other Language Changes
A Finer-Grained Import Lock
Builtin functions and types
New Modules
faulthandler
ipaddress
lzma
Improved Modules
abc
array
base64
binascii
bz2
codecs
collections
contextlib
crypt
curses
datetime
decimal
Features
API changes
email
Policy Framework
Provisional Policy with New Header API
Other API Changes
ftplib
functools
gc
hmac
http
html
imaplib
inspect
io
itertools
logging
math
mmap
multiprocessing
nntplib
os
pdb
pickle
pydoc
re
sched
select
shlex
shutil
signal
smtpd
smtplib
socket
socketserver
sqlite3
ssl
stat
struct
subprocess
sys
tarfile
tempfile
textwrap
threading
time
types
unittest
urllib
webbrowser
xml.etree.ElementTree
zlib
Optimizations
Build and C API Changes
Deprecated
Unsupported Operating Systems
Deprecated Python modules, functions and methods
Deprecated functions and types of the C API
Deprecated features
Porting to Python 3.3
Porting Python code
Porting C code
Building C extensions
Command Line Switch Changes
What’s New In Python 3.2
PEP 384: Defining a Stable ABI
PEP 389: Argparse Command Line Parsing Module
PEP 391: Dictionary Based Configuration for Logging
PEP 3148: The
concurrent.futures
module
PEP 3147: PYC Repository Directories
PEP 3149: ABI Version Tagged .so Files
PEP 3333: Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1
Other Language Changes
New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules
email
elementtree
functools
itertools
collections
threading
datetime and time
math
abc
io
reprlib
logging
csv
contextlib
decimal and fractions
ftp
popen
select
gzip and zipfile
tarfile
hashlib
ast
os
shutil
sqlite3
html
socket
ssl
nntp
certificates
imaplib
http.client
unittest
random
poplib
asyncore
tempfile
inspect
pydoc
dis
dbm
ctypes
site
sysconfig
pdb
configparser
urllib.parse
mailbox
turtledemo
Multi-threading
Optimizations
Unicode
Codecs
Documentation
IDLE
Code Repository
Build and C API Changes
Porting to Python 3.2
What’s New In Python 3.1
PEP 372: Ordered Dictionaries
PEP 378: Format Specifier for Thousands Separator
Other Language Changes
New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules
Optimizations
IDLE
Build and C API Changes
Porting to Python 3.1
What’s New In Python 3.0
Common Stumbling Blocks
Print Is A Function
Views And Iterators Instead Of Lists
Ordering Comparisons
Integers
Text Vs. Data Instead Of Unicode Vs. 8-bit
Overview Of Syntax Changes
New Syntax
Changed Syntax
Removed Syntax
Changes Already Present In Python 2.6
Library Changes
PEP 3101
: A New Approach To String Formatting
Changes To Exceptions
Miscellaneous Other Changes
Operators And Special Methods
Builtins
Build and C API Changes
Performance
Porting To Python 3.0
What’s New in Python 2.7
The Future for Python 2.x
Python 3.1 Features
PEP 372: Adding an Ordered Dictionary to collections
PEP 378: Format Specifier for Thousands Separator
PEP 389: The argparse Module for Parsing Command Lines
PEP 391: Dictionary-Based Configuration For Logging
PEP 3106: Dictionary Views
PEP 3137: The memoryview Object
Other Language Changes
Interpreter Changes
Optimizations
New and Improved Modules
New module: importlib
New module: sysconfig
ttk: Themed Widgets for Tk
Updated module: unittest
Updated module: ElementTree 1.3
Build and C API Changes
Capsules
Port-Specific Changes: Windows
Port-Specific Changes: Mac OS X
Port-Specific Changes: FreeBSD
Other Changes and Fixes
Porting to Python 2.7
Acknowledgements
What’s New in Python 2.6
Python 3.0
Changes to the Development Process
New Issue Tracker: Roundup
New Documentation Format: reStructuredText Using Sphinx
PEP 343: The ‘with’ statement
Writing Context Managers
The contextlib module
PEP 366: Explicit Relative Imports From a Main Module
PEP 370: Per-user
site-packages
Directory
PEP 371: The
multiprocessing
Package
PEP 3101: Advanced String Formatting
PEP 3105:
print
As a Function
PEP 3110: Exception-Handling Changes
PEP 3112: Byte Literals
PEP 3116: New I/O Library
PEP 3118: Revised Buffer Protocol
PEP 3119: Abstract Base Classes
PEP 3127: Integer Literal Support and Syntax
PEP 3129: Class Decorators
PEP 3141: A Type Hierarchy for Numbers
The
fractions
Module
Other Language Changes
Optimizations
Interpreter Changes
New and Improved Modules
The
ast
module
The
future_builtins
module
The
json
module: JavaScript Object Notation
The
plistlib
module: A Property-List Parser
ctypes Enhancements
Improved SSL Support
Deprecations and Removals
Build and C API Changes
Port-Specific Changes: Windows
Port-Specific Changes: Mac OS X
Port-Specific Changes: IRIX
Porting to Python 2.6
Acknowledgements
What’s New in Python 2.5
PEP 308: Conditional Expressions
PEP 309: Partial Function Application
PEP 314: Metadata for Python Software Packages v1.1
PEP 328: Absolute and Relative Imports
PEP 338: Executing Modules as Scripts
PEP 341: Unified try/except/finally
PEP 342: New Generator Features
PEP 343: The ‘with’ statement
Writing Context Managers
The contextlib module
PEP 352: Exceptions as New-Style Classes
PEP 353: Using ssize_t as the index type
PEP 357: The ‘__index__’ method
Other Language Changes
Interactive Interpreter Changes
Optimizations
New, Improved, and Removed Modules
The ctypes package
The ElementTree package
The hashlib package
The sqlite3 package
The wsgiref package
Build and C API Changes
Port-Specific Changes
Porting to Python 2.5
Acknowledgements
What’s New in Python 2.4
PEP 218: Built-In Set Objects
PEP 237: Unifying Long Integers and Integers
PEP 289: Generator Expressions
PEP 292: Simpler String Substitutions
PEP 318: Decorators for Functions and Methods
PEP 322: Reverse Iteration
PEP 324: New subprocess Module
PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
Why is Decimal needed?
The
Decimal
type
The
Context
type
PEP 328: Multi-line Imports
PEP 331: Locale-Independent Float/String Conversions
Other Language Changes
Optimizations
New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules
cookielib
doctest
Build and C API Changes
Port-Specific Changes
Porting to Python 2.4
Acknowledgements
What’s New in Python 2.3
PEP 218: A Standard Set Datatype
PEP 255: Simple Generators
PEP 263: Source Code Encodings
PEP 273: Importing Modules from ZIP Archives
PEP 277: Unicode file name support for Windows NT
PEP 278: Universal Newline Support
PEP 279: enumerate()
PEP 282: The logging Package
PEP 285: A Boolean Type
PEP 293: Codec Error Handling Callbacks
PEP 301: Package Index and Metadata for Distutils
PEP 302: New Import Hooks
PEP 305: Comma-separated Files
PEP 307: Pickle Enhancements
Extended Slices
Other Language Changes
String Changes
Optimizations
New, Improved, and Deprecated Modules
Date/Time Type
The optparse Module
Pymalloc: A Specialized Object Allocator
Build and C API Changes
Port-Specific Changes
Other Changes and Fixes
Porting to Python 2.3
Acknowledgements
What’s New in Python 2.2
Introduction
PEPs 252 and 253: Type and Class Changes
Old and New Classes
Descriptors
Multiple Inheritance: The Diamond Rule
Attribute Access
Related Links
PEP 234: Iterators
PEP 255: Simple Generators
PEP 237: Unifying Long Integers and Integers
PEP 238: Changing the Division Operator
Unicode Changes
PEP 227: Nested Scopes
New and Improved Modules
Interpreter Changes and Fixes
Other Changes and Fixes
Acknowledgements
What’s New in Python 2.1
Introduction
PEP 227: Nested Scopes
PEP 236: __future__ Directives
PEP 207: Rich Comparisons
PEP 230: Warning Framework
PEP 229: New Build System
PEP 205: Weak References
PEP 232: Function Attributes
PEP 235: Importing Modules on Case-Insensitive Platforms
PEP 217: Interactive Display Hook
PEP 208: New Coercion Model
PEP 241: Metadata in Python Packages
New and Improved Modules
Other Changes and Fixes
Acknowledgements
What’s New in Python 2.0
Introduction
What About Python 1.6?
New Development Process
Unicode
List Comprehensions
Augmented Assignment
String Methods
Garbage Collection of Cycles
Other Core Changes
Minor Language Changes
Changes to Built-in Functions
Porting to 2.0
Extending/Embedding Changes
Distutils: Making Modules Easy to Install
XML Modules
SAX2 Support
DOM Support
Relationship to PyXML
Module changes
New modules
IDLE Improvements
Deleted and Deprecated Modules
Acknowledgements
Changelog
Python 3.3.7 final
Python 3.3.7 release candidate 1
Security
Core and Builtins
Library
Tests
C API
Python 3.3.6 final
Core and Builtins
Library
Tests
Python 3.3.5 final
Python 3.3.5 release candidate 2
Core and Builtins
Library
Tests
Tools/Demos
Python 3.3.5 release candidate 1
Core and Builtins
Library
IDLE
Tests
Documentation
Build
Python 3.3.4 final
Library
Python 3.3.4 release candidate 1
Core and Builtins
Library
IDLE
Tests
Documentation
Build
Tools/Demos
Python 3.3.3 final
Python 3.3.3 release candidate 2
Library
Tests
Build
Python 3.3.3 release candidate 1
Core and Builtins
Library
C API
IDLE
Tests
Documentation
Tools/Demos
Build
Python 3.3.2 final
Core and Builtins
Library
IDLE
Tests
Documentation
Build
Python 3.3.1 final
Build
IDLE
Python 3.3.1 release candidate 1
Core and Builtins
Library
IDLE
Tests
Build
C API
Documentation
Tools/Demos
Python 3.3.0 final
Core and Builtins
Library
Python 3.3.0 release candidate 3
Core and Builtins
Library
Python 3.3.0 release candidate 2
Core and Builtins
Library
Build
Documentation
Python 3.3.0 release candidate 1
Core and Builtins
Library
IDLE
Documentation
Tests
Build
Python 3.3.0 beta 2
Core and Builtins
Library
C API
Library
IDLE
Tools/Demos
Documentation
Tests
Build
Python 3.3.0 beta 1
Core and Builtins
Library
C API
Library
IDLE
Documentation
Tests
Build
Python 3.3.0 alpha 4
Core and Builtins
Library
IDLE
Tools/Demos
Build
C API
Documentation
Python 3.3.0 alpha 3
Core and Builtins
Library
Build
Tests