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    Table of Contents
    1. Introduction
    2. 1 Scope
    3. +2 Conformance
      1. 2.1 Example Normative Optional Clause Heading
      2. 2.2 Example Legacy Clause Heading
      3. 2.3 Example Legacy Normative Optional Clause Heading
    4. 3 Normative References
    5. +4 Overview
      1. 4.1 Web Scripting
      2. 4.2 Hosts and Implementations
      3. +4.3 ECMAScript Overview
        1. 4.3.1 Objects
        2. 4.3.2 The Strict Variant of ECMAScript
      4. +4.4 Terms and Definitions
        1. 4.4.1 implementation-approximated
        2. 4.4.2 implementation-defined
        3. 4.4.3 host-defined
        4. 4.4.4 type
        5. 4.4.5 primitive value
        6. 4.4.6 object
        7. 4.4.7 constructor
        8. 4.4.8 prototype
        9. 4.4.9 ordinary object
        10. 4.4.10 exotic object
        11. 4.4.11 standard object
        12. 4.4.12 built-in object
        13. 4.4.13 undefined value
        14. 4.4.14 Undefined type
        15. 4.4.15 null value
        16. 4.4.16 Null type
        17. 4.4.17 Boolean value
        18. 4.4.18 Boolean type
        19. 4.4.19 Boolean object
        20. 4.4.20 String value
        21. 4.4.21 String type
        22. 4.4.22 String object
        23. 4.4.23 Number value
        24. 4.4.24 Number type
        25. 4.4.25 Number object
        26. 4.4.26 Infinity
        27. 4.4.27 NaN
        28. 4.4.28 BigInt value
        29. 4.4.29 BigInt type
        30. 4.4.30 BigInt object
        31. 4.4.31 Symbol value
        32. 4.4.32 Symbol type
        33. 4.4.33 Symbol object
        34. 4.4.34 function
        35. 4.4.35 built-in function
        36. 4.4.36 built-in constructor
        37. 4.4.37 property
        38. 4.4.38 method
        39. 4.4.39 built-in method
        40. 4.4.40 attribute
        41. 4.4.41 own property
        42. 4.4.42 inherited property
      5. 4.5 Organization of This Specification
    6. +5 Notational Conventions
      1. +5.1 Syntactic and Lexical Grammars
        1. 5.1.1 Context-Free Grammars
        2. 5.1.2 The Lexical and RegExp Grammars
        3. 5.1.3 The Numeric String Grammar
        4. 5.1.4 The Syntactic Grammar
        5. +5.1.5 Grammar Notation
          1. 5.1.5.1 Terminal Symbols
          2. 5.1.5.2 Nonterminal Symbols and Productions
          3. 5.1.5.3 Optional Symbols
          4. 5.1.5.4 Grammatical Parameters
          5. 5.1.5.5 one of
          6. 5.1.5.6 [empty]
          7. 5.1.5.7 Lookahead Restrictions
          8. 5.1.5.8 [no LineTerminator here]
          9. 5.1.5.9 but not
          10. 5.1.5.10 Descriptive Phrases
      2. +5.2 Algorithm Conventions
        1. 5.2.1 Abstract Operations
        2. 5.2.2 Syntax-Directed Operations
        3. +5.2.3 Runtime Semantics
          1. 5.2.3.1 Completion ( completionRecord )
          2. 5.2.3.2 Throw an Exception
          3. 5.2.3.3 ReturnIfAbrupt
          4. 5.2.3.4 ReturnIfAbrupt Shorthands
          5. 5.2.3.5 Implicit Normal Completion
        4. 5.2.4 Static Semantics
        5. 5.2.5 Mathematical Operations
        6. 5.2.6 Value Notation
        7. 5.2.7 Identity
    7. +6 ECMAScript Data Types and Values
      1. +6.1 ECMAScript Language Types
        1. 6.1.1 The Undefined Type
        2. 6.1.2 The Null Type
        3. 6.1.3 The Boolean Type
        4. +6.1.4 The String Type
          1. 6.1.4.1 StringIndexOf ( string, searchValue, fromIndex )
          2. 6.1.4.2 StringLastIndexOf ( string, searchValue, fromIndex )
        5. +6.1.5 The Symbol Type
          1. 6.1.5.1 Well-Known Symbols
        6. +6.1.6 Numeric Types
          1. +6.1.6.1 The Number Type
            1. 6.1.6.1.1 Number::unaryMinus ( x )
            2. 6.1.6.1.2 Number::bitwiseNOT ( x )
            3. 6.1.6.1.3 Number::exponentiate ( base, exponent )
            4. 6.1.6.1.4 Number::multiply ( x, y )
            5. 6.1.6.1.5 Number::divide ( x, y )
            6. 6.1.6.1.6 Number::remainder ( n, d )
            7. 6.1.6.1.7 Number::add ( x, y )
            8. 6.1.6.1.8 Number::subtract ( x, y )
            9. 6.1.6.1.9 Number::leftShift ( x, y )
            10. 6.1.6.1.10 Number::signedRightShift ( x, y )
            11. 6.1.6.1.11 Number::unsignedRightShift ( x, y )
            12. 6.1.6.1.12 Number::lessThan ( x, y )
            13. 6.1.6.1.13 Number::equal ( x, y )
            14. 6.1.6.1.14 Number::sameValue ( x, y )
            15. 6.1.6.1.15 Number::sameValueZero ( x, y )
            16. 6.1.6.1.16 NumberBitwiseOp ( op, x, y )
            17. 6.1.6.1.17 Number::bitwiseAND ( x, y )
            18. 6.1.6.1.18 Number::bitwiseXOR ( x, y )
            19. 6.1.6.1.19 Number::bitwiseOR ( x, y )
            20. 6.1.6.1.20 Number::toString ( x, radix )
          2. +6.1.6.2 The BigInt Type
            1. 6.1.6.2.1 BigInt::unaryMinus ( x )
            2. 6.1.6.2.2 BigInt::bitwiseNOT ( x )
            3. 6.1.6.2.3 BigInt::exponentiate ( base, exponent )
            4. 6.1.6.2.4 BigInt::multiply ( x, y )
            5. 6.1.6.2.5 BigInt::divide ( x, y )
            6. 6.1.6.2.6 BigInt::remainder ( n, d )
            7. 6.1.6.2.7 BigInt::add ( x, y )
            8. 6.1.6.2.8 BigInt::subtract ( x, y )
            9. 6.1.6.2.9 BigInt::leftShift ( x, y )
            10. 6.1.6.2.10 BigInt::signedRightShift ( x, y )
            11. 6.1.6.2.11 BigInt::unsignedRightShift ( x, y )
            12. 6.1.6.2.12 BigInt::lessThan ( x, y )
            13. 6.1.6.2.13 BigInt::equal ( x, y )
            14. 6.1.6.2.14 BinaryAnd ( x, y )
            15. 6.1.6.2.15 BinaryOr ( x, y )
            16. 6.1.6.2.16 BinaryXor ( x, y )
            17. 6.1.6.2.17 BigIntBitwiseOp ( op, x, y )
            18. 6.1.6.2.18 BigInt::bitwiseAND ( x, y )
            19. 6.1.6.2.19 BigInt::bitwiseXOR ( x, y )
            20. 6.1.6.2.20 BigInt::bitwiseOR ( x, y )
            21. 6.1.6.2.21 BigInt::toString ( x, radix )
        7. +6.1.7 The Object Type
          1. 6.1.7.1 Property Attributes
          2. 6.1.7.2 Object Internal Methods and Internal Slots
          3. 6.1.7.3 Invariants of the Essential Internal Methods
          4. 6.1.7.4 Well-Known Intrinsic Objects
      2. +6.2 ECMAScript Specification Types
        1. 6.2.1 The Enum Specification Type
        2. 6.2.2 The List and Record Specification Types
        3. 6.2.3 The Set and Relation Specification Types
        4. +6.2.4 The Completion Record Specification Type
          1. 6.2.4.1 NormalCompletion ( value )
          2. 6.2.4.2 ThrowCompletion ( value )
          3. 6.2.4.3 ReturnCompletion ( value )
          4. 6.2.4.4 UpdateEmpty ( completionRecord, value )
        5. +6.2.5 The Reference Record Specification Type
          1. 6.2.5.1 IsPropertyReference ( V )
          2. 6.2.5.2 IsUnresolvableReference ( V )
          3. 6.2.5.3 IsSuperReference ( V )
          4. 6.2.5.4 IsPrivateReference ( V )
          5. 6.2.5.5 GetValue ( V )
          6. 6.2.5.6 PutValue ( V, W )
          7. 6.2.5.7 GetThisValue ( V )
          8. 6.2.5.8 InitializeReferencedBinding ( V, W )
          9. 6.2.5.9 MakePrivateReference ( baseValue, privateIdentifier )
        6. +6.2.6 The Property Descriptor Specification Type
          1. 6.2.6.1 IsAccessorDescriptor ( Desc )
          2. 6.2.6.2 IsDataDescriptor ( Desc )
          3. 6.2.6.3 IsGenericDescriptor ( Desc )
          4. 6.2.6.4 FromPropertyDescriptor ( Desc )
          5. 6.2.6.5 ToPropertyDescriptor ( Obj )
          6. 6.2.6.6 CompletePropertyDescriptor ( Desc )
        7. 6.2.7 The Environment Record Specification Type
        8. 6.2.8 The Abstract Closure Specification Type
        9. +6.2.9 Data Blocks
          1. 6.2.9.1 CreateByteDataBlock ( size )
          2. 6.2.9.2 CreateSharedByteDataBlock ( size )
          3. 6.2.9.3 CopyDataBlockBytes ( toBlock, toIndex, fromBlock, fromIndex, count )
        10. 6.2.10 The PrivateElement Specification Type
        11. 6.2.11 The ClassFieldDefinition Record Specification Type
        12. 6.2.12 Private Names
        13. 6.2.13 The ClassStaticBlockDefinition Record Specification Type
    8. +7 Abstract Operations
      1. +7.1 Type Conversion
        1. +7.1.1 ToPrimitive ( input [ , preferredType ] )
          1. 7.1.1.1 OrdinaryToPrimitive ( O, hint )
        2. 7.1.2 ToBoolean ( argument )
        3. 7.1.3 ToNumeric ( value )
        4. +7.1.4 ToNumber ( argument )
          1. +7.1.4.1 ToNumber Applied to the String Type
            1. 7.1.4.1.1 StringToNumber ( str )
            2. 7.1.4.1.2 RS: StringNumericValue
            3. 7.1.4.1.3 RoundMVResult ( n )
        5. 7.1.5 ToIntegerOrInfinity ( argument )
        6. 7.1.6 ToInt32 ( argument )
        7. 7.1.7 ToUint32 ( argument )
        8. 7.1.8 ToInt16 ( argument )
        9. 7.1.9 ToUint16 ( argument )
        10. 7.1.10 ToInt8 ( argument )
        11. 7.1.11 ToUint8 ( argument )
        12. 7.1.12 ToUint8Clamp ( argument )
        13. 7.1.13 ToBigInt ( argument )
        14. +7.1.14 StringToBigInt ( str )
          1. 7.1.14.1 StringIntegerLiteral Grammar
          2. 7.1.14.2 RS: MV
        15. 7.1.15 ToBigInt64 ( argument )
        16. 7.1.16 ToBigUint64 ( argument )
        17. 7.1.17 ToString ( argument )
        18. 7.1.18 ToObject ( argument )
        19. 7.1.19 ToPropertyKey ( argument )
        20. 7.1.20 ToLength ( argument )
        21. 7.1.21 CanonicalNumericIndexString ( argument )
        22. 7.1.22 ToIndex ( value )
      2. +7.2 Testing and Comparison Operations
        1. 7.2.1 RequireObjectCoercible ( argument )
        2. 7.2.2 IsArray ( argument )
        3. 7.2.3 IsCallable ( argument )
        4. 7.2.4 IsConstructor ( argument )
        5. 7.2.5 IsExtensible ( O )
        6. 7.2.6 IsRegExp ( argument )
        7. 7.2.7 SS: IsStringWellFormedUnicode ( string )
        8. 7.2.8 SameType ( x, y )
        9. 7.2.9 SameValue ( x, y )
        10. 7.2.10 SameValueZero ( x, y )
        11. 7.2.11 SameValueNonNumber ( x, y )
        12. 7.2.12 IsLessThan ( x, y, LeftFirst )
        13. 7.2.13 IsLooselyEqual ( x, y )
        14. 7.2.14 IsStrictlyEqual ( x, y )
      3. +7.3 Operations on Objects
        1. 7.3.1 MakeBasicObject ( internalSlotsList )
        2. 7.3.2 Get ( O, P )
        3. 7.3.3 GetV ( V, P )
        4. 7.3.4 Set ( O, P, V, Throw )
        5. 7.3.5 CreateDataProperty ( O, P, V )
        6. 7.3.6 CreateDataPropertyOrThrow ( O, P, V )
        7. 7.3.7 CreateNonEnumerableDataPropertyOrThrow ( O, P, V )
        8. 7.3.8 DefinePropertyOrThrow ( O, P, desc )
        9. 7.3.9 DeletePropertyOrThrow ( O, P )
        10. 7.3.10 GetMethod ( V, P )
        11. 7.3.11 HasProperty ( O, P )
        12. 7.3.12 HasOwnProperty ( O, P )
        13. 7.3.13 Call ( F, V [ , argumentsList ] )
        14. 7.3.14 Construct ( F [ , argumentsList [ , newTarget ] ] )
        15. 7.3.15 SetIntegrityLevel ( O, level )
        16. 7.3.16 TestIntegrityLevel ( O, level )
        17. 7.3.17 CreateArrayFromList ( elements )
        18. 7.3.18 LengthOfArrayLike ( obj )
        19. 7.3.19 CreateListFromArrayLike ( obj [ , validElementTypes ] )
        20. 7.3.20 Invoke ( V, P [ , argumentsList ] )
        21. 7.3.21 OrdinaryHasInstance ( C, O )
        22. 7.3.22 SpeciesConstructor ( O, defaultConstructor )
        23. 7.3.23 EnumerableOwnProperties ( O, kind )
        24. 7.3.24 GetFunctionRealm ( obj )
        25. 7.3.25 CopyDataProperties ( target, source, excludedItems )
        26. 7.3.26 PrivateElementFind ( O, P )
        27. 7.3.27 PrivateFieldAdd ( O, P, value )
        28. 7.3.28 PrivateMethodOrAccessorAdd ( O, method )
        29. 7.3.29 HostEnsureCanAddPrivateElement ( O )
        30. 7.3.30 PrivateGet ( O, P )
        31. 7.3.31 PrivateSet ( O, P, value )
        32. 7.3.32 DefineField ( receiver, fieldRecord )
        33. 7.3.33 InitializeInstanceElements ( O, constructor )
        34. 7.3.34 AddValueToKeyedGroup ( groups, key, value )
        35. 7.3.35 GroupBy ( items, callback, keyCoercion )
        36. 7.3.36 SetterThatIgnoresPrototypeProperties ( thisValue, home, p, v )
      4. +7.4 Operations on Iterator Objects
        1. 7.4.1 Iterator Records
        2. 7.4.2 GetIteratorDirect ( obj )
        3. 7.4.3 GetIteratorFromMethod ( obj, method )
        4. 7.4.4 GetIterator ( obj, kind )
        5. 7.4.5 GetIteratorFlattenable ( obj, primitiveHandling )
        6. 7.4.6 IteratorNext ( iteratorRecord [ , value ] )